The Effects Of Caffeine On Children s Performance On...

In the neocortex, acetylcholine (ACh) stimulates arousal and plays a major role in attention and working memory (Jones, 2008). Neuropsychological studies on caffeine report increased arousal, alertness, increased energy and concentration (Smith, 2002; Ruxton, 2008; Brunye ´ et al., 2010) even at doses as low as 50 mg, which is comparable to the amount of caffeine in a cup of tea. It has been indicated that even in low doses caffeine improves performance on attention tasks (Brunye ´ et al., 2010a). However, caffeine intake has also been associated with anxiety, nervousness, irritability, insomnia and even panic attacks (Bruce et al., 1992; Lieberman, 1992; Sicard et al., 1996) . During an elevated plus maze test of anxiety in rats, it was found that high doses of caffeine brought a remarkably increased anxiety-like behavior (Jain et al., 2005). Similarly, nicotine improves cognitive performance by improving learning, memory and attention (Levin and Rezvani, 2002; Swan, 2007). In a social interaction test for anxiety, nicotine was shown to have an anxiolytic effect at lower doses and an anxiogenic effect at high doses (File et al., 1998). Analysis of the EEG power spectrum, in the present work, revealed a significant increase in delta wave while theta, beta-1 and beta-2 waves showed a significant decrease. Delta and theta frequencies are dominant during sleep and drowsiness, alpha frequency dominates during relaxed wakefulness, and beta frequencies occur during intense mentalShow MoreRelatedEffects of Nutrition on Academic Performance Essay723 Words   |  3 Pagesout of high school, were their teacher ‘held their hand’ the entire time, been out of school for a long period of time, or may even have dropped out of a previous program and trying something new. Post-secondary education isn’t like high school or working a full-time job, it is a lot of dedication and hard work. 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